I-itet-fsedibtg- appabatits eos



G. F. WHEELER.

FUEL FEEDING APPARATUS FOR iNTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED sumac, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET G. F. WHEELER.

FUEL FEEDING APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT- 30,1912.

Patented Aug. 8, 1916.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.-

fl Q Q E w ARR WEI names GEORGE F. WHEELER, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

FUEL FEEDING APPABATU FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 8, 1916.

Original application filed July 20, 1911, Serial No. 639,527. Divided and this application flled September 30,1912. Serial No. 723,100. i

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE F. WHEELER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Erie, county of. Erie, State of Pennsylvania, have madea certain new and useful Invention in F uel-Feeding Apparatus for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to fuel feeding apparatus for internal combustion engines, and particularly to engines of the type employing hydro-carbon oil as fuel.

The object of the invention is to provide a fuel feeding apparatus for engines of the type referred to which is simple in construction and efficient in operation.

A further 0bject=is to provide a fuel feeding apparatus of the nature referred to which is specially adapted for use in supplying crude or other form of heavy hydrocarbon oil as a fuel for internal combustion engines.

The invention; consists substantially in the construction, combination, location and arrangement of parts, all. as will be more fully hereinafter set forth, as shown in the accompanying drawings, and finally pointed out in the appended claims. 1

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of an internal combustion engine showing the application thereto of a fuel feeding apparatus embodying the'principles of my'invention. Fig. 2 is a broken view in elevation, parts broken out, and part in section, of a fuel feed pump and its governor controlled actuating mecha nism. Fig. 3 is a view partly in elevation and partly in vertical se tion on the line 3, 3, Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the ar rows.

The same part is designated by the same reference sign wherever it occurs throughout the several views.

The construction and arrangement shown in the drawings and hereafter to be described embody subject matter divided from my application Serial No. 639,527, filed July 20. 1911, for internal combustion engines, and relate particularly to the construction of the fuel feeding apparatus and its governor controlled operation.

In the application above referred to itis pointed out that in the practical and successful operation of internal combustion en-.

gines, and especially engines of the type successful operation of a construction in which these two results are attained in the highest degree of. efliciency, it is important thatthe supply of fuel be effected under proper and suitable conditions of control. This is necessary in order that the explosive mixture of oil and air be accomplished in such manner as to enable the mixture to be instantaneously exploded when the desired degree of heat is attained. It is among the special purposes of my present invention to provide a fuel feeding apparatus which accomplishes this result.

In the drawings, reference letter A, designates the cylinder head or dome, having an interior chamber to which the fuel oil is supplied and within which the explosion of the charge of fuel takes place; B, is the engine cylinder; K, the piston rod; a, the crank shaft; J, the mainbed for supporting the engine; and b, the fly or balance wheel. These parts may be of any desired or suitable construction, and relation and arrangement as pointed out in my above mentioned application.

Upontthe crankshaft, a, is a gear, ar-

' ranged l mesh with and to drive a gear P on a cam shaft Q, suitably mounted and journaled in bearings carried upon the side of the frame Work of the engine. In the form shown, the cam shaft Q, is journaled at the end thereof which is adjacent the crankshaft in the bracket 31, having bearings 33, to receive said shaft. Upon the side of the frameis mounted a center hear.- ing 32 for said shaft. At its other end the cam shaft Q, is journaled in bearings 76 formed on or secured to a fuel feed pump box or tank R, and at its extreme end, said shaft, carries a gear which meshes with and drives a similar gear upon the shaft 77,, which actuates a governor, carried upon the upper end of said shaft, as indicated at U. This governor device may be of=any usual or ordinary type ofconstruction of ball or centrifugal governor. I have shown as an exemplification, of an operative construction, a simple arrangement comprising weighted bell crank levers -78, pivotally ,mounted at their angles upon arms of the governor head or yoke U. A tension device or spring 79, serves to draw the weighted ends of the pivoted crank levers 78, toward each other. The other arms or ends of said levers are connected to a yoke 80 attached to a rod 44 to the lower end of which is pivotally connected a link 81. The other end of said link 81 is connected to one arm of a bell crank lever 43. The other arm of the crank lever 43, is connected to the movable wedge38, to shift the same automatically according to the speed at which the engine is driven, and for a purpose hereinafter to be more fully described. In practice I prefer to so proportion the gears .46 and the gear on the crank shaft which drives the gear P, asl to cause one rotation of cam shaft Q, for each rotation of the crank shaft.

The fuel feed box or reservoir R, is supplied with oil or other fuel from any suitable or convenient source through a supply pump 50, and delivery pipe 57, the latter delivering into the casing R. The pump 50 may be driven and actuated in any suitable or convenient manner. In the particular form shown I drive said pump from the cam shaft Q, by means of a belt 83, operated over pulleys 52, respectively mounted on said shaft Q, and the shaft of the pump 50. It is obvious however, that any other suitable or convenient form of drive gearing may be employed for this purpose. In order to maintain a substantially constant level of oil within the casing R, I provide an overflow pipe 54 delivering from the casing R back into the supply reservoir. A simple arrangement for supporting the pump 50 is shown wherein a bracket 51, is bolted or otherwise secured to the outside of the casing R, the pump being mounted upon said bracket. In order to retain any drippings of oil that might occur from the operation of the pump, I provide the bracket 51, with an extended flange and within the upper surface of the bracket I provide suitable ducts or channels, indicated by dotted lines at 84, Figs. 2 and 3, in which the oil .drippings may collect and from which they may be drained back into the storage reservoir or other convenient receptacles.

In the operation of the supply pump, oil is drawn from a convenient storage reservoir through the pipe 82 and delivered from the pump 50 through the pipe 57 into the chamber of casing R, being maintained in the casing at a. uniform level by means of the overflow pipe connection 54.

Upon supporting lugs 41, arranged within the casing It, is mounted the engine fuel feeding pump. The structure of the pump and the manner of operating the same may be varied throughout a wide range. In its essential characteristics, however, the pumps should have such structure and mode of operation as to deliver into the fuel feeding pipes or connections, the fuel or oil to be supplied to the engine, under a desirable degree of pressure and in the case of a two cycle engine a delivery of the fuel or oil under pressure from the pump is effected at each complete stroke of the working piston of they pump. Provision should also be made for adjustment whereby the quantity of oil delivered at each stroke of the oil feeding pump may be adjustably regulated, and provision should also be made for automatically regulating the feed of the oil by the speed of operation of the engine. In the drawings I have shown a simple and efficient construction of fuel feeding pump and operating connections therefor, which I have found eflicient in practice and suitable for carryingout the objects and purposes of my invention in this connection.

In the drawing the fuel feeding pump is designated generally by reference letter S, and it comprises in the construction shown, a casing 85, in which operates the reciproeating piston or plunger The casing 85 has a cap connection 86, with a channel 87, therethrough, delivering from the casing R into the interior of the pump casing 85, this passage being controlled. by an outwardly seating valve 88. The pump casing chamber 85, is also provided with an extension 89 having a channel 90, therein delivering from the pump chamber into a feed delivery pipe connection 49. The communication of the passage 90, with the delivery pipe 49, is controlled by an outwardly seating pump valve 91. The outer end of the pump plunger or piston 55, is provided with a flanged head 92 and a spring 56 is interposed between the flange 92 at the outer end of the pump plunger and an adjustable cap 93. mounted upon the end of the pump casing 35, The tension of the spring 56 is applied to the plunger 55 and tends to move the same out of the pump casing 85. The tension of this spring 56 may be adjusted by backing off or turning up on the screw cap 93. Suitable standards 94 serve to support the pump upon the brackets or lugs 41 in the casing R. These standards are arranged upon opposite sides of the pump piston or plunger 55 so as to firmly maintain the pump in proper position and the parts thereof in working' alinement, and to distribute the strains of operation of the same. The standards 94, are connected to each other by a cross brace 95 at their upper ends. Adjustably mounted in the cross brace 95 is a threaded sleeve 47. Through this sleeve operates a plunger 57 which is arranged in line with the feed pump piston 55 and against the end of which the flanged head 92 of the feed pump piston is held by spring 56. The function of the adjustable sleeve 4'7, is to regulate the extent of normal movement into the feed pump cylinder 85 of the piston The position of the sleeve 47, may be adjusted in any suitable or convenient manner. I have shown a simple arrangement wherein the sleeve 47 is exteriorly threaded to work in a correspondingly threaded opening in the cross brace 95. I provide a flange 57 on the sleeve 47 with gca r teeth, and I arrange the pinion 96, to mesh therewith, said piston being carried on a rod 18, suitably mounted and arranged. to extend through the top of the casing It. By turning the rod 48 by means of a hand lever 97, or other convenient device, I am enabled to effect the desired adjustment of the sleeve 47 in the cross brace, thereby. adj ustably regulating the extent of retraction of the piston 55 from the pump casing 85, and consequently regulat ing the length or the effective stroke of the feed pump piston from the exterior of the casing R, and without the removal of the top of said casing. The upper end of the actuating plunger 57, is provided with a cradle 37, within which rests the wedges 38 above mentioned. Upon the wedge 38 rests alever arm 34 which is pivotally mounted as at 35, to the casing R. Suitable means for engaging said lever arm 34, are provided whereby the plunger 57, is actuated to effeet the operation of the pump piston 55, at each complete reciprocation of the piston in the main cylinder. A simple arrangement is shown which I have found efficient for the purpose wherein a cam projection 40, carried or operated by cam shaft Q, is arranged to wipe out by the free end of lever arm 34, at each rotation of said shaft Q, thereby periodically depressing the said lever, and with it through the wedge 38 on which it rests, depressing the phinger 57. and actuating the feed pump piston. It will be observed that this action takes place at each revolution of the shaft Q. It will also be observed that the engagement of the actuating cam 40 with the free end of the lever arm 34, is a wiping engagement and consequently I thereby avoid the noise and strain of a pounding engagement of these parts and secure a smooth action of the actuating cam. If desired the actual contact of the cam 40 and the end of the lever arm 3-1 may be taken by rollers indicated at 36, in order to reduce friction.

If desired, and in order to provide means whereby the fuel feed pump may be manually controlled or manually operated in order to start or stop the engine, I provide an operating handle 60 upon the end of a shaft 58 which extends transversely through casing R, to the exterior of said casing in order to receive said hand lever. This shaft 58 is provided with a shaft or yoke 59, arranged to straddle the pump piston and to engage against the upper end of the flange '92 thereof, so that by suitably manipulating the hand lever 60, the pump piston may be operated to initially start the engine, or the pump piston may be held depressed by the manipulation of the hand lever 60 out of the range of action of the actuating plunger 57, so as to arrest a delivery of fuel to the engine thereby causing the engine to stop.

From theforegoing description it will be seen that the fuel oil is delivered from the casing R through the operation of the fuel feeding pump. The stroke of the fuel feed ing pump piston is automatically varied according to the speed of the engine through the operation of the governor device which is geared to and driven from the cam shaft Q, and which controls automatically the shifting of the wedge 38, thereby automatically varying the length of the stroke of the piston and consequently varying the amount of oil delivered to the engine from the pump, and conse uently controlling the speed of the engine. The stroke of the pump piston in one direction is accomplished by the action of the cam on the cam shaft engaging the lever which rests on the Wedge, the actuating cam simply Wiping by the end of the operating lever arm in the revolvin movement of the cam. The return stroke 0 the pump piston is accomplished by the spring 56. The effective stroke of the pump piston is also capable of adjustment through the adjusting sleeve 47, so as to control the amount of oil delivered into the combustion chamber of the engine. Adjustments are thus provided to suit any condition of power, and while the engine is running that is, without stopping the engine for the purpose. It will also be seen that I provide for intially supplying the engine with fuel for starting the same, and also, for arresting the supply of fuel by manually controlled devices, thereby facilitating the starting and stopping of the en ine.

The fuel supp y apparatus above described delivers the fuel through the connection 49 into the dome or the interior chamber of the dome A. In the practical timing of the apparatus, the oil is delivered into the dome A in proper sequence with relation to the cycle of operation of the engine.

Having now set forth the objects and nature of my invention and a construction embodying the principles thereof, and having described said construction, its mode of operation, purposes and functions, what I claim as new and useful, and of my own invention, and desire to secure by Letters rying the stroke of the pump, and independent manually operated devices extending to the exterior of the casing for operating the pump, said pump delivering to said cylinder,

In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder and piston, a crank shaft, a counter shaft. a fuel feed pump, including a reciprocating plunger, an inclosing casing for the pump, automatic devices located within said casing for reciprocating said plunger, means for autoimitically varying the stroke of said plunger, and independent manually operated devices extending to the exterior of the casing for reciprmrating said plunger.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder and piston, a crank shaft, a fuel pump for delivering hydrocarbon oil to the cylinder, a casing int-losing said pump, means for operating said pump and driven from said shaft for supplying the fuel oil to said casing to immerse the pump therein.

4. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder and piston, a crank shaft, a fuel feed pump for delivering hydrocarbon oil to the cylinder, means for operating said pump, a casing inclosing said pump to immerse the pump in the oil contained therein, and means driven from said shaft for maintaining a constant supply of fuel oil within said casing.

In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder and piston, a crank shaft, a'fuel feed pump for delivering hydrocarbon oil to the cylinder, a casing arranged to inclosc the pump, a pivotally mounted arm and means for melting the same and located within said casing for automatically operating the pump, and manually controlled de vices extending to the exterior of said casing for independently operating the pump.

4'}. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder and piston, a crank shaft, :1 fuel feed. pump for delivering hydrocarbon oil to the cylinder, and including a plunger, a casing! arranged to inclose, said pump, a pivotally mounted arm and means for rocking the same and located within said casing for rccipriurating said };-lungcr, and manual v controlled devices extend' lg to the exterior of said casing for adjusting the clfective s1 i'hiic of said plunger:

'4'. In an internal combustion engine, a

cylinder and piston, a crank shaft, a fuel feed pump for delivering hydrocarbon Oil to the cylinder and including a plunger, an operating plunger arranged in line therewith, a\ sleeve through which said operating plunger Inoves and arranged to control the effective stroke of the pump plunger, means for actuating the operating plunger and means for adjusting said sleeve.

8. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder and piston, a crank shaft, a fuel feed pump for delivering hydrocarbon oil to the cylinder and including a plunger, an operating plunger arranged in line therewith, and having a cradle head, a pivotally mounted operating arm engaging said cradle head, means for rocking said arm, a tapered member interposed between said arm and cradle, and governor control devices for shifting said tapered member.

9. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder and a piston, a crank shaft, a fuel feed pump, to deliver hydrocarbon oil to the cylinder, means for operating said pump, a *asing arrai'iged to inclose the pump and to innnerse the same in the oil contained therein, a delivery pump for delivering the oil to said casing, means driven from the crank shaft for operating said delivery pump, and an overflow pipe connecting to said casing whereby a constant supply of oil is maintained in said casin 10. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder and a piston, a or; nk shaft, a fuel feed pump including a pump plunger, an operating plunger arrangeckin line therewith and having a cradle head, a pivotally mounted crank arm arranged to engage said cradle head for operating said operating plunger, an adjustable tapered member interposed between said cradle head and crank arm, am. a rotating cam to engage the crank arm, periodically to actuate said operating plunger.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of the subscribing witnesses, on this :21 dayof Sept, A. I). 191:2.

GEORGE F. IVHEELER.

\Vitncsscs:

LOUIS (tvmusn, Immunn II. \VHEELER. 

